First Molecular Transistor Created

The world's smallest transistor, made from a mere six atoms of carbon suspended between two gold electrodes, has been created by scientists from Yale University and South Korea.

Although transistors, which amplify or switch electric signals, are the fundamental building blocks of modern electronic devices, this molecular model is more of a scientific discovery than a technological breakthrough for now. But once such transistors are proven viable, they could help create smaller computer chips for consumer devices that stay cooler by not wasting energy.

In other words, if you're reading this with your computer on your lap -- the smaller, efficient transistor could mean your lap stays cool.

The key is not so much the transistor's size, but in how efficiently it transfers energy.

"People always thought the end game was making transistors small," said Mark Reed, a professor at Yale University who helped design the new transistor. "That's really not the problem; it's how much power they dissipate, and one way to modify that is by using different transport devices."

Reed and his colleagues created two molecular transistors; one that worked, and one that didn't work, or at least didn't work very well.

The first transistor, the one that didn't work very well, was made of eight carbon atoms strung together in a line with hydrogen atoms hanging off the sides, like a clothes line with eight wooden pins stuck at even intervals along its length.

This first transistor didn't work well, which the scientists expected; they simply wanted to show they could build a device that small. Electricity traveled along the string, but it took a lot of power to push even a small amount through the alkane string -- too much power to make an efficient transistor.

Taken from : Discovery Channel by

By Eric Bland | Tue Jan 12, 2010 07:20 AM ET

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